Account reconciliation is the check that a balance in the general ledger agrees with an independent record of the same thing: a bank statement, a supplier statement, a subledger or a payment processor report.

Accounting data migration is moving a company's financial records from one system to another: the chart of accounts, opening balances, transaction history, customers and suppliers, open invoices and bills, fixed assets and tax settings.

Accounting technology is the software and infrastructure that finance teams and accounting firms use to record, reconcile, close, report and file financial information.

Accounts receivable automation is software that issues invoices, sends reminders, collects payment, applies cash to the right invoices and handles disputes with as little manual work as possible.

Accrual accounting software records revenue when it is earned and costs when they are incurred, regardless of when cash moves, and automates the entries that make that work: accruals, prepayments, deferred revenue and depreciation.

AI accounting agents are software that carries out accounting tasks end to end rather than assisting a person doing them: categorising transactions, reconciling accounts, preparing journal entries, chasing invoices, drafting workpapers or completing a tax return, with a human reviewing and approving the result.

An AI-native ERP is a general ledger and finance system designed from the start around automation: transactions are categorised, reconciled and posted by models rather than by people keying entries, with the accountant reviewing.

Audit software is the set of tools an audit firm uses to plan, perform, document and review an audit: engagement and workpaper management, client requests and evidence collection, data extraction and analytics, confirmations, and increasingly AI that drafts testing and reads documents.

Client accounting services, or CAS, is an accounting firm running a client's finance function as an ongoing service: bookkeeping, bill pay, payroll, month-end close and management reporting, often up to fractional controller or CFO work.

Client money is money an accounting firm, law firm, property agent or investment business holds that belongs to a client rather than to the firm: tax refunds passing through, funds held for payments, deposits.

Cloud accounting software is a ledger and bookkeeping system run as a web service and paid by subscription, rather than installed on a company's own computers.

Financial consolidation is the process of combining the accounts of several legal entities into one set of group financial statements, eliminating transactions and balances between them and converting foreign currencies.

HR software for accountants means two things: systems accounting firms use to run their own people, and the HR and payroll platforms firms recommend or operate for clients.

Month-end close is the process of finalising a company's accounts for the period: reconciling balances, posting accruals and adjustments, reviewing results and producing the financial statements.

Multi-entity accounting is keeping the books for several legal entities, often in different countries and currencies, in a way that lets each entity report on its own and the group report as one.

On-premise accounting software is installed and run on a company's own servers under a perpetual licence; cloud accounting software is hosted by the vendor, reached through a browser and paid by subscription.

Payroll software calculates pay, tax and deductions for employees, files the returns and payments due to tax authorities and pension providers, produces payslips and posts the journals to the ledger.

Practice management software runs an accounting firm's work: clients and contacts, jobs and deadlines, workflow and task assignment, document requests and e-signature, time and billing, and client communication through a portal.

Tax technology is software that determines, calculates, files and documents tax: sales tax and VAT on transactions, e-invoicing mandated by governments, corporate and income tax returns, and the compliance work around registrations and audits.

Technical accounting is the work of deciding how a transaction should be recorded under the accounting standards: revenue recognition on complex contracts, lease classification, business combinations, share-based payments, impairment.

Treasury management software gives a company a live view of its cash across banks, entities and currencies, forecasts cash flow, executes payments and manages debt, investments and FX.